The FAA has specific guidance on what a pilot should know, and be able to demonstrate on knowledge and practical tests. However, these are intentionally kept simple to not over-constrain what a pilot is capable of doing.
Private pilots are generally allowed to fly in visibility of 3sm or more, in some cases simply clear of clouds.
Have you flown in 4 or 5 mile visibility?
As a student pilot, your flight instructor likely kept you far from these conditions when solo, perhaps also during dual instruction. Now's the time to reconnect with a flight instructor and experience these conditions. It would help you refine your personal minimums, or convince you to work towards an instrument rating.